1 Kings
12:1-7, 25-29
Rehoboam went to Shechem where all Israel had
come to make him king. 2 When Jeroboam, Nebat’s son, heard the
news, he returned from Egypt where he had fled from King Solomon. 3 The
people sent and called for Jeroboam, who along with the entire Israelite
assembly went and said to Rehoboam, 4 “Your father made our
workload[a] very
hard for us. If you will lessen the demands your father made of us and lighten
the heavy workload he demanded from us, then we will serve you.”
5 He answered them, “Come
back in three days.” So the people left.
6 King Rehoboam consulted
the elders who had served his father Solomon when he was alive. “What do you
advise?” Rehoboam asked. “How should I respond to these people?”
7 “If you will be a servant
to this people by answering them and speaking good words today,” they replied,
“then they will be your servants forever.”
8 But Rehoboam ignored the
advice the elders gave him and instead sought the counsel of the young advisors
who had grown up with him and now served him. 9 “What do you
advise?” he asked them. “How should we respond to these people who have said to
me, ‘Lighten the workload your father demanded of us’?”
10 The young people who had
grown up with him said to him, “This people said to you, ‘Your father made our
workload heavy; lighten it for us!’ Now this is what you should say to them:
‘My baby finger[b] is
thicker than my father’s entire waist! 11 So if my father made
your workload heavy, I’ll make it even heavier! If my father disciplined you
with whips, I’ll do it with scorpions!’”
12 Jeroboam and all the
people returned to Rehoboam on the third day, just as the king had specified
when he said, “Come back to me in three days.” 13 The king then
answered the people harshly. He ignored the elders’ advice 14 and
instead followed the young people’s advice. He said, “My father made your
workload heavy, but I’ll make it even heavier! My father disciplined you with
whips, but I’ll do it with scorpions!”
15 The king didn’t listen to
the people because this turn of events came from the Lord so that he might keep
the promise he delivered through Ahijah from Shiloh concerning Jeroboam,
Nebat’s son. 16 When all Israel saw that the king wouldn’t
listen to them, the people answered the king:
“Why should we care about David?
We have no stake in Jesse’s son!
Go back to your homes, Israel!
You better look after your own house now, David!”
We have no stake in Jesse’s son!
Go back to your homes, Israel!
You better look after your own house now, David!”
Then the Israelites went back to their homes, 17 and
Rehoboam ruled over only the Israelites who lived in the cities of Judah.
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Introduction
There is a scene in the musical Fiddler on the Roof where a group of
Jews from the village of Anatevka are debating an important issue: how much
should they care about the world outside of their small village? Will caring about politics and economics and other
major forces make any difference? One character doesn’t think they should spend
their time worrying about what will happen: “Why should I break my head about
the outside world?” He says, “Let the outside world break its own head!” After
quite a bit of laughter from the group, Tevye (the main character) says, “He’s
right! As the good book says, ‘if you spit in the air, it lands in your face.’”
But not everyone agrees, a young student named Perchik replies, “Nonsense! You
can’t close your eyes to what’s happening in the world.” Tevye takes a long
pause, points at Perchik and says “He’s right.” One of the other men in the
crowd says, “He’s right and he’s right?” pointing at the two different
speakers, “They can’t BOTH be right!” Tevye pauses yet again and says, “You
know, you’re also right.”
Our lesson today continues an ongoing debate
within Israel: is the monarchy a good thing or a bad thing? Kings can bring
stability and prosperity, but they can also bring oppression. Are kings God’s representative appointed to
protect (to “shepherd”) the people, or are they a sign that the people don’t
trust God enough to protect them and want to be like all of the other nations.
Both sides in this ongoing debate have good points and things are never quite
solved… and the conversation never really ends.
“Kings are good!”
“Kings are bad!” So, which one is
correct?
“He’s right and he’s right? They can’t both be
right!”
“You know, you’re also right.”
The
Technical Stuff:
Those who say that having a king is a good thing
can point to many different places: the Book of Judges tells story about a
destructive and bloody war between the Tribe of Benjamin and the other tribes
of Israel where thousands upon thousands of people died. At the end of the book
it says, “In those days there was no king in Israel; each person did what they
thought to be right.” (Judges 21:25) The idea is, kings can bring about order
and keep bloody chaos like this at bay.
The pro-monarchy crowd can also point to 2 Samuel
7 where God makes a promise to David saying, “Your dynasty and your kingdom
will be secured forever before me. Your
throne will be established forever.” (2 Sam. 7:16) One of the reasons for this
was so that the people of Israel will have a place where they can live and not
be disturbed and “cruel people will no longer trouble them, as they had been
earlier…” (2 Sam. 7:10) David’s son Solomon will build a glorious Temple for
the worship of God and will be known far and wide for his power and
prestige. “The people of Judah and
Israel…lived securely under their vines and fig trees throughout the day of
Solomon.” (1 Kings 4:25) The Kings bring protection, prosperity and glory for
the nation. What’s the problem?
Kings don’t only protect the people, they take
from them as well. When the people of Israel clamored to the prophet Samuel for
a king in 1 Samuel 8, the LORD tells him “Comply with the people’s
request…because they haven’t reject you. No, they’ve rejected me as king over them.” The LORD equates their
request for a king as the same as abandoning him and worshipping other gods.
The LORD also tells Samuel to warn the people of how a king will rule them: “He
will take your sons, and will use them for his chariots…he will take your
daughters to be perfumers, cooks or bakers…he will take your best fields,
vineyards and olive groves and give them to his servants…he will take one-tenth
of your flocks, and then you yourselves
will become his slaves!” (1 Sam. 8:11-18)
And experience seems to bear this out: once David
was king, he misused his power in committing adultery with Bathsheba and
murdering her husband Uriah. (2 Sam. 11).
Solomon built a glorious Temple, but he did it with drafted laborers who
did not have a choice in the matter. (1 Kings 5) In our lesson for today, the
people of Israel come to Solomon’s son, King Rehoboam, and beg that they have
their labor lessened. The older, wiser
advisors urge the king to agree to this, but his younger confidants say the
opposite. I don’t think anyone would react well to being told, “I’ll discipline
you with scorpions!” And so the nation of Israel is divided.
What
Does This Say to Us?
Of the Twelve Tribes of Israel, Judah is by far
the largest and most powerful, but the others band together to form the
northern kingdom of Israel. These two
nations will share a culture and heritage, but they will also squabble and
fight amongst themselves. If God gives us a Promise, Relationship, and
Life (see the title page), then we humans seem to find all sorts of ways of
denying or working against God’s plan.
We like to dominate other people, push them around and get our way. If we have a certain amount of power, it can
“go to our heads” and we can act like Rehoboam, threatening to discipline
others “with scorpions.”
The advice of the elders is all about
relationship and life: “If you will be a servant to this people by answering
them and speaking good words today,” they replied, “then they will be your
servants forever.” But Rehoboam will
have none of it. The Bible attributes this to the LORD’s doing so that a
promise could be kept and because the people of Judah had not remained faithful
to God, but usually kings and people in power need little prodding or
encouragement when it comes to pushing others around.
There is an exception though. We follow a king
who does not disciple with scorpions, who cares about good relationships and
who tells those who are beaten down, “Come to me, all you who are struggling
hard and carrying heavy loads, and I will give you rest. Put on my yoke, and
learn from me. I’m gentle and humble. And you will find rest for yourselves. My
yoke is easy to bear, and my burden is light.” (Matt. 11:28-30) Unlike
Rehoboam, Jesus uses his power for the benefit of others, giving his life so
that we might live.
Are kings good or bad? I suppose it depends on
the king.
Which kind do you want to follow?
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